“fortune”主要含义为“财富;运气;命运”,可作名词使用。其常见用法包括:表示具体或抽象的财富;描述好或坏的运气;用于固定短语表达特定含义;在谚语和习语中传达丰富意义。
财富:“fortune”最直接的含义是“财富”,既可以指具体的金钱、财产,也可以指抽象的资产、家产。例如:
He inherited a large fortune from his uncle.(他从叔叔那里继承了一大笔财富。)这里“fortune”指的是具体的金钱。
The company has built up a considerable fortune over the years.(多年来,这家公司积累了相当可观的财富。)此句中“fortune”表示抽象的资产。
运气;命运:它还表示“运气;命运”,强调一种偶然的、不可预测的因素对个人生活或事件的影响。例如:
She had the fortune to meet a famous director who offered her a role in his new film.(她很幸运地遇到了一位著名导演,这位导演邀请她在他的新电影中出演一个角色。)这里“had the fortune”表示有好运气。
Their fortunes took a turn for the worse after the economic crisis.(经济危机后,他们的命运急转直下。)“fortunes”在这里指的是命运。
具体财富:在描述具体的金钱、财产时,“fortune”通常与“large”“small”等形容词连用,以表示财富的多少。例如:
A small fortune was spent on renovating the old castle.(翻新那座旧城堡花了一大笔钱。)
抽象财富:当表示抽象的资产、家产时,“fortune”可以与“build up”“accumulate”等动词搭配,表示积累财富。例如:
He spent his entire life building up a fortune in the real estate industry.(他一生都在房地产行业积累财富。)
好运气:描述好运气时,“have the fortune to do sth.”是一个常用的结构,表示“有幸做某事”。例如:
I had the fortune to travel to many different countries.(我有幸去过许多不同的国家。)
坏运气:表示坏运气时,“misfortune”是其派生词,意为“不幸;灾祸”。例如:
Despite all his misfortunes, he remained optimistic.(尽管遭遇了种种不幸,他依然保持乐观。)
固定短语:“make a fortune”意为“发大财;赚大钱”;“come into a fortune”表示“继承一大笔财产”。例如:
Many people dream of making a fortune in the stock market.(许多人梦想在股票市场发大财。)
She came into a fortune when her aunt passed away.(她姑姑去世后,她继承了一大笔财产。)
“Fortune favors the brave.”(勇者得福。)这句谚语强调勇敢的人往往会有好运气,鼓励人们要勇敢面对挑战。
“Seek one's fortune”意为“外出寻找发财机会;闯世界”。例如:
He left his hometown at a young age to seek his fortune in the big city.(他年轻时就离开了家乡,到大城市去闯荡。)