"against" 是一个英语介词,核心含义为 “反对、对抗、倚靠、对比”,具体用法需结合语境。常见场景包括:表达反对、对比事物、描述位置或方向、法律诉讼以及作为背景或对照。
核心含义:反对某人、某事或对抗某种情况。
例句:
They are voting against the new policy.(他们反对新政策。)
The team played against their rivals yesterday.(球队昨天对阵他们的对手。)
核心含义:描述物体接触或倚靠的动作。
例句:
He leaned against the wall.(他倚靠在墙上。)
The boat was pushed against the rocks by the waves.(船被海浪推到了岩石上。)
核心含义:用于比较或对照两个事物。
例句:
The results were compared against last year's data.(结果与去年的数据进行了对比。)
This color looks great against your skin tone.(这种颜色与你的肤色很配。)
核心含义:描述逆风、逆流等方向或环境。
例句:
We sailed against the wind.(我们逆风航行。)
They are running against the current.(他们逆流而上。)
核心含义:描述某物在背景中的位置或状态。
例句:
The sunset looked beautiful against the dark sky.(夕阳在深色的天空下显得格外美丽。)
The flowers stood out against the green grass.(花朵在绿草的映衬下格外显眼。)
核心含义:在法律语境中,表示“起诉、控告”。
例句:
He is suing the company for discrimination.(他正在起诉公司歧视。)
The case was brought against the defendant.(此案针对被告提起。)
核心含义:描述为防止某事而采取的行动。
例句:
We need to take measures against the spread of the virus.(我们需要采取措施防止病毒传播。)
The vaccine protects against several diseases.(疫苗可预防多种疾病。)
核心含义:在投票中表示“反对”。
例句:
There were 10 votes for and 5 against the proposal.(提案有10票赞成,5票反对。)
语境决定含义:"against" 的具体含义需结合上下文,如“反对”或“对比”需根据句子逻辑判断。
固定搭配:注意与动词的搭配,如“play against”(对阵)、“compete against”(竞争)。
法律与日常用语:在法律语境中,“against”常表示“起诉”;在日常用语中,更多表示“反对”或“对比”。
通过以上总结和例句,可以更清晰地理解“against”在不同场景中的用法。