“exhibitionism”是名词,意为“暴露癖;炫耀癖;自我表现癖”,主要用于描述一种心理或行为特征,既可在医学心理领域指代异常性心理障碍,也可在日常表达中形容过度炫耀的行为。其用法包括作为主语、宾语,或与介词搭配构成短语,具体需根据语境判断。
基本释义:
“exhibitionism”是名词,源自动词“exhibit”(展示、展览),词尾“-ism”通常表示“主义、行为或特征”。其核心含义为“暴露癖”,指一种通过暴露身体或过度炫耀来获取关注的心理或行为倾向。
在医学或心理学领域,特指一种性心理障碍(exhibitionistic disorder),即通过暴露生殖器等行为寻求性刺激。
在日常语境中,可引申为“炫耀癖”或“自我表现癖”,形容过度展示自身优势或物品的行为。
作为主语:
描述行为或现象时,“exhibitionism”可直接作为主语。
Exhibitionism in public places is illegal.(在公共场所暴露身体是违法的。)
His constant exhibitionism of wealth annoyed his colleagues.(他不断炫耀财富的行为让同事感到厌烦。)
作为宾语:
用于表达对某行为的评价时,“exhibitionism”可作宾语。
She accused him of exhibitionism for posting private details online.(她指责他在网上公开私人细节是炫耀行为。)
与介词搭配:
“exhibitionism about”或“exhibitionism of”:
His exhibitionism about his new car was tiresome.(他对新车的炫耀令人厌烦。)
The artist's exhibitionism of his work was criticized.(这位艺术家过度展示作品的行为受到批评。)
医学/心理学领域:
“exhibitionism”常用于描述性心理障碍,需与专业术语搭配使用。
Exhibitionistic disorder is classified as a paraphilia.(暴露癖被归类为性欲倒错障碍。)
日常表达:
在非专业语境中,该词可形容过度炫耀的行为,语气可能带有贬义。
Social media has fueled a culture of exhibitionism.(社交媒体助长了炫耀文化。)
避免滥用:
正式场合中,需根据语境选择更准确的词汇(如“vanity”或“ostentation”),以避免过度医学化或冒犯他人。
文化差异:
不同文化对“炫耀”行为的接受度不同,使用该词时需考虑听众的文化背景。
医学语境:
The patient was diagnosed with exhibitionism after repeated incidents in public.(患者因多次在公共场所暴露身体被诊断为暴露癖。)
日常语境:
Her constant exhibitionism on Instagram made her followers uncomfortable.(她在Instagram上的过度炫耀让粉丝感到不适。)
通过以上分析,可以清晰理解“exhibitionism”的含义及用法,并根据具体语境准确运用。