“deceased”是形容词,意为“已故的;死亡的” ,也可作名词,意为“死者;亡灵”,不过名词用法相对少见。在用法上,常用于描述人已经去世的状态,可作定语、表语等。
形容词:“deceased”最常见的词性是形容词,读音为 /dɪˈsiːst/ ,意思是“已故的;死亡的”。例如:
The deceased man left a large fortune to his children.(这位已故男士给他的孩子们留下了一大笔财产。)在这里,“deceased”修饰名词“man”,表明该男士已经去世的状态。
We are deeply saddened by the news of the deceased actor.(我们对这位已故演员的死讯深感悲痛。)此句中“deceased”同样作形容词,修饰“actor”,说明演员已经不在人世。
名词:作为名词时,读音不变,意思是“死者;亡灵”,不过这种用法在日常交流和一般写作中并不常见,多出现在一些较为正式、专业或特定语境下。例如在一些法律文件或宗教文献中可能会看到类似“The deceased's will shall be carried out according to the law.(死者的遗嘱将依法执行)”这样的表述。
作定语:
“deceased wife”意思是“已故的妻子”。例如:He still keeps the photo of his deceased wife on the desk.(他仍然把已故妻子的照片放在桌子上。)
“deceased parents”指“已故的父母”。如:The children often visit the graves of their deceased parents.(孩子们经常去祭拜他们已故父母的坟墓。)
作表语:
在句子“My grandfather is deceased.”中,“deceased”作表语,说明主语“my grandfather”的状态是“已故的”。
再如“The old lady has been deceased for three years.(这位老太太已经去世三年了。)”这里“deceased”同样作表语,用来陈述主语的状态。