“abstain”意为“戒除;避免;弃权”,是一个及物或不及物动词。其常见用法包括“abstain from sth.”(避免/戒除某事)和“abstain (in/on sth.)”(在某事上弃权)。
戒除;避免:指有意识地不参与、不使用或不进行某种行为、活动或物质,通常是为了健康、道德、宗教或其他个人原因。例如,某人可能因为健康原因而戒除酒精或烟草。
弃权:在投票、选举或决策过程中,不表达意见或选择,即不投赞成票也不投反对票。
及物/不及物动词:
“abstain”作为及物动词时,通常与“from”连用,后面接名词或动名词,表示避免或戒除某事。例如:“He has decided to abstain from smoking.”(他决定戒烟。)
“abstain”作为不及物动词时,可以直接用于句子中,表示弃权的行为。例如:“Many members abstained in the vote.”(许多成员在投票中弃权了。)
常见搭配:
“abstain from sth.”:避免/戒除某事。例如:“She abstains from eating meat for ethical reasons.”(她出于道德原因不吃肉。)
“abstain (in/on sth.)”:在某事上弃权。例如:“The delegate abstained on the resolution.”(代表在决议上弃权了。)
戒除/避免:
“To lose weight, you should abstain from eating too much junk food.”(为了减肥,你应该避免吃太多垃圾食品。)
“Many people choose to abstain from alcohol during the month of January as a new year's resolution.”(许多人选择在一月份戒酒,作为新年的决心。)
弃权:
“In the last election, several council members abstained from voting.”(在上次选举中,有几名议员弃权。)
“The committee member decided to abstain on the proposal due to lack of information.”(由于缺乏信息,委员会成员决定对这项提案弃权。)