“inroad”主要作为名词使用，基本含义为“（对某事物）的侵入、影响、进展或削弱”，常用来描述对某领域、情况或数量的负面或破坏性改变，也可在积极语境中表示取得一定进展。其常见用法包括“make inroads into/on sth.”和“inroads have been made into/on sth.”结构。
侵入；影响：指对某个领域、情况或数量造成某种程度的侵入、改变或削弱，这种改变往往是负面的或破坏性的。例如，“The new technology has made significant inroads into the traditional market.”（新技术对传统市场造成了显著的影响。）
进展；削弱：在某些语境下，也可以表示在某个方面取得的进展或对某事物的削弱。例如，“They have made inroads in reducing the deficit.”（他们在减少赤字方面取得了进展。）
make inroads into/on sth.：这是一个常见的固定搭配，表示“对……造成影响；在……方面取得进展”。例如：
“The company has made inroads into the Asian market.”（该公司已经在亚洲市场取得了进展。）
“The new policy is making inroads on poverty levels.”（新政策正在对贫困水平产生影响。）
inroads have been made into/on sth.：这是“make inroads into/on sth.”的被动形式，表示“在……方面已经取得了进展；对……已经造成了影响”。例如：
“Inroads have been made into the disease in recent years.”（近年来在治疗这种疾病方面已经取得了进展。）
“Inroads have been made on the pollution problem.”（在污染问题上已经取得了进展。）
商业领域：
“The startup has made inroads into the established market by offering innovative products.”（这家初创公司通过提供创新产品，在成熟市场中取得了进展。）
“Foreign companies are making inroads into the domestic market, posing a threat to local businesses.”（外国公司正在侵入国内市场，对当地企业构成威胁。）
社会问题：
“Efforts to reduce crime have made inroads into the community, improving safety for residents.”（减少犯罪的努力已经在社区中取得了进展，提高了居民的安全性。）
“Inroads have been made into the issue of homelessness, with more shelters being built.”（在无家可归者问题上已经取得了进展，建造了更多的收容所。）
个人发展：
“By practicing regularly, she has made inroads into improving her skills as a pianist.”（通过定期练习，她在提高钢琴演奏技能方面取得了进展。）
“He has made inroads into his goal of losing weight, having already shed several pounds.”（他已经在减肥目标上取得了进展，已经减掉了几磅。）