“circumstance”是名词,基本意思是“环境;状况;境况;情节” ,常以复数形式“circumstances”出现。其用法包括在句中作主语、宾语、定语等,可与介词搭配构成短语,还有一些固定表达和常见搭配。
环境:指人或事物所处的周围条件、情况。例如:The circumstances of his childhood were very difficult.(他童年的环境非常艰苦。)这里“circumstances”表示他所处的生活环境。
状况;境况:侧重于描述个人或事物在特定时间的状态。比如:In view of the circumstances, we'll have to cancel the meeting.(考虑到目前的状况,我们不得不取消这次会议。)“circumstances”指当前导致会议取消的各种因素和状态。
情节:常用于文学、法律等领域,指事件发生的过程、细节。例如:The police are trying to piece together the circumstances of the crime.(警方正试图拼凑出犯罪的情节。)
作主语:
Circumstances have changed since we last met.(自从我们上次见面以来,情况已经发生了变化。)这里“circumstances”作为句子主语,表示整体的情况。
The circumstances were not favorable for our plan.(这些情况对我们的计划不利。)
作宾语:
We must consider all the circumstances.(我们必须考虑所有的情况。)“circumstances”作“consider”的宾语。
He told me the circumstances of the accident.(他向我讲述了事故的情况。)
作定语:
The circumstance - related factors need to be analyzed.(需要分析与情况相关的因素。)“circumstance - related”是形容词短语,修饰“factors”,表示与情况有关的因素。
与介词搭配构成短语:
under the circumstances:在这种情况下;既然如此。例如:Under the circumstances, there's nothing we can do.(在这种情况下,我们无能为力。)
in no circumstances:决不;无论如何不。例如:In no circumstances should we give up.(我们决不能放弃。)
固定表达和常见搭配:
change one's circumstances:改变某人的境况。例如:He hopes to change his circumstances by getting a better job.(他希望通过找到一份更好的工作来改变自己的境况。)
due to/owing to the circumstances:由于情况;鉴于情况。例如:The project was postponed due to the circumstances.(由于情况,这个项目被推迟了。)