“discriminate”主要意思是“区分;辨别;歧视;区别对待”。其用法多样,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,还能用于一些固定搭配和句型中。
区分;辨别:指能够识别出事物之间的差异,看清或察觉出不同之处。
歧视;区别对待:通常指基于种族、性别、年龄、宗教等因素,对某些人或群体给予不公平的待遇。
及物动词用法
“区分;辨别”之意:
后面直接接宾语,表示对事物进行区分。例如:It's difficult to discriminate between the two twins.(很难区分这对双胞胎。)这里“discriminate between...”就是“在……之间进行区分”的意思。
“歧视;区别对待”之意:
同样接宾语,表达对某人或某群体进行不公平的对待。例如:It's illegal to discriminate against people because of their race.(因为种族而歧视他人是违法的。)“discriminate against sb.”是常见的表达“歧视某人”的短语。
不及物动词用法
通常用于一些固定表达中,如“discriminate in favor of...”(偏袒……;对……有利)或“discriminate between...and...”(在……和……之间进行区分)。例如:The teacher discriminates in favor of the top students.(老师偏袒优等生。)又如:You should learn to discriminate between right and wrong.(你应该学会辨别是非。)
固定搭配和句型
“discriminate on the basis of...”(基于……而进行区分/歧视):例如:The company was accused of discriminating on the basis of age.(这家公司被指控基于年龄进行歧视。)
“discriminate against sb. in sth.”(在某方面歧视某人):例如:Women are often discriminated against in the workplace.(女性在职场上经常受到歧视。)