“forfeiture”是名词,意为“没收;丧失;罚款”,常用于法律、合同等语境中,描述因违反规定或未履行义务而失去某物或面临处罚的情况。其用法包括作为主语、宾语,以及与介词搭配构成短语表达。
“forfeiture”主要指因违反法律、规定、合同条款等而导致的财产、权利或特权的丧失。这种丧失可能是强制性的,由相关机构(如法院、政府)执行。它也可以指因未能履行义务而需要支付的罚款或赔偿。
作为主语:在句子中,“forfeiture”可以作为主语,表示某种没收或丧失的行为或状态。
例句:The forfeiture of his property was a severe punishment for his crime.(没收他的财产是对他犯罪的严厉惩罚。)
作为宾语:“forfeiture”也可以作为宾语,接受动词的作用,表示被没收或丧失的对象。
例句:He faced the forfeiture of his license for driving under the influence.(他因酒驾面临驾照被吊销的处罚。)
与介词搭配:
“forfeiture of sth.”:表示“某物的没收;丧失某物”。
例句:The forfeiture of the prize was a great disappointment to him.(奖品的没收让他非常失望。)
“subject to forfeiture”:表示“可能被没收;面临丧失的风险”。
例句:The property is subject to forfeiture if the owner fails to pay the taxes.(如果业主不缴纳税款,该房产可能被没收。)
法律语境:在法律文件中,“forfeiture”常用于描述因犯罪或违法行为而导致的财产没收。
例句:Under the new law, drug traffickers face severe penalties, including forfeiture of assets.(根据新法律,毒品贩子将面临严厉的处罚,包括资产没收。)
合同语境:在合同中,“forfeiture”条款可能规定因违约而导致的保证金没收或权利丧失。
例句:The contract includes a forfeiture clause for late delivery.(合同中包含因延迟交货而没收保证金的条款。)
日常语境:虽然不常见,但在日常交流中,“forfeiture”也可能用于描述因违反规则而失去的某种机会或特权。
例句:Due to his misconduct, he faced the forfeiture of his chance to participate in the competition.(由于他的不当行为,他面临失去参加比赛机会的风险。)