“hostility”是一个名词,意为“敌意;敌对;对抗行为”。它可用于描述个人、群体或国家之间的态度、行为或关系,常出现在正式和非正式的语境中,有多种用法,包括作为可数名词和不可数名词,以及用于固定短语。
敌意:指个人、群体或国家之间存在的负面、不友好的情感或态度。例如,“He felt a strong sense of hostility towards his new colleague.”(他对新同事产生了强烈的敌意。)
敌对:强调对抗、冲突的行为或状态。例如,“The two countries have been in a state of hostility for years.”(这两个国家多年来一直处于敌对状态。)
对抗行为:指具体的、敌对的行动或举止。例如,“His hostile remarks sparked a heated argument.”(他充满敌意的话语引发了一场激烈的争论。)
1、 作为不可数名词
当表示抽象的敌意、敌对情感或态度时,“hostility”通常作为不可数名词使用。例如:
“There was a lot of hostility in the room during the meeting.”(会议期间,房间里充满了敌意。)
“Her hostility towards the project was evident from the start.”(从一开始,她对这个项目就表现出了明显的敌意。)
2、 作为可数名词
在某些情况下,“hostility”也可以作为可数名词,表示具体的敌对行为或事件。例如:
“There have been several hostilities between the two rival gangs recently.”(最近,这两个敌对帮派之间发生了几起敌对事件。)
3、 用于固定短语
in a state of hostility:处于敌对状态。例如,“The two neighboring countries have been in a state of hostility for decades.”(这两个邻国几十年来一直处于敌对状态。)
show/feel hostility towards sb./sth.:对某人/某事表现出/感到敌意。例如,“The employees showed hostility towards the new management.”(员工们对新管理层表现出了敌意。)
hostile to/against:对……敌对的。例如,“His attitude was hostile to the proposal.”(他对这个提议的态度是敌对的。)
4、 在句子中的位置和搭配
“hostility”通常用作句子的主语、宾语或定语。例如:
主语:“Hostility between the two teams was evident from the first minute of the game.”(比赛一开始,两队之间的敌意就很明显了。)
宾语:“The manager noticed the hostility in the room and tried to calm everyone down.”(经理注意到了房间里的敌意,试图让大家平静下来。)
定语:“The hostile environment made it difficult for the new employees to fit in.”(这种敌对的环境让新员工很难融入。)