“discredit”主要有动词和名词两种词性。作为动词时,意思是“使失信;败坏……的名声;使……不被相信;怀疑(真实性)”;作为名词时,意为“丧失信誉;失宠;名声扫地” 。其用法根据词性不同而有所区别,动词形式较为常用,且有多种搭配和时态变化。
基本含义
“discredit”作为动词,最直接的意思是使某人或某事失去信誉、名声,让人们对之产生怀疑或不信任。例如:The rumors aimed to discredit the politician.(这些谣言旨在败坏这位政治家的名声。)
也可以表示对某个陈述、观点等的真实性表示怀疑,即认为其不可信。例如:The evidence presented was enough to discredit his claim.(所提供的证据足以证明他的说法不可信。)
用法搭配
discredit sb.:直接接人作宾语,表示败坏某人的名声。如:His dishonest behavior discredited his whole family.(他的不诚实行为让他整个家族都蒙羞。)
discredit sth.:接事物作宾语,可指使某个说法、观点等不被相信。例如:The lack of reliable sources discredited the research findings.(缺乏可靠来源使这项研究成果不被相信。)
be discredited by...:表示“因……而名誉受损”。如:The scientist was discredited by the scandal.(这位科学家因丑闻而名誉扫地。)
时态变化
一般现在时:第三人称单数形式为“discredits” ,例如:This kind of behavior discredits the organization.(这种行为使该组织名誉受损。)
一般过去时:“discredited”,例如:He discredited himself with his rude remarks.(他粗鲁的言论让自己名誉受损。)
现在分词:“discrediting”,例如:His constant lying is discrediting his reputation.(他不断说谎正在败坏他的名声。)
过去分词:“discredited”,常用于被动语态,如:The report was discredited by experts.(这份报告被专家们认为不可信。)
基本含义
作为名词,“discredit”主要表示丧失信誉、名声扫地这种状态或情况。例如:The company's financial scandal led to its discredit.(这家公司的财务丑闻导致其名誉扫地。)
也可用于指失宠,不再受重视。例如:After the failure of the project, he fell into discredit.(项目失败后,他失宠了。)
用法示例
come into discredit:表示“失宠;名誉扫地”。例如:Once a respected leader, he came into discredit after the corruption scandal.(他曾经是一位受人尊敬的领导,但在腐败丑闻曝光后名誉扫地。)
to sb.'s discredit:表示“对某人不利;有损某人的名誉”。例如:It was to his discredit that he lied to his friends.(他对朋友撒谎,这有损他的名誉。)