"Decline"是一个多义词,既可作动词也可作名词。作为动词时,主要表示“下降”“减少”“拒绝”或“衰退”;作为名词时,指“下降”“衰退”或“斜坡”。其用法灵活,可根据语境表达数量、质量、健康或地位等方面的变化,或礼貌地拒绝邀请。
下降/减少(数量、价值、质量等)
例句:
The company's profits have declined significantly this year.(公司今年的利润大幅下降。)
The population of this city has been declining for decades.(这座城市的人口几十年来一直在减少。)
解析:用于描述数量、价值、质量或水平的降低,通常与时间、趋势相关。
拒绝(邀请、提议等)
例句:
I politely declined his offer to join the team.(我礼貌地拒绝了他加入团队的提议。)
She declined the invitation to the party.(她拒绝了参加聚会的邀请。)
解析:用于礼貌地拒绝,常与"offer"、"invitation"等词搭配。
衰退/恶化(健康、能力等)
例句:
His health has declined rapidly since the accident.(事故后,他的健康状况迅速恶化。)
The quality of the product has declined over time.(产品的质量随着时间的推移而下降。)
解析:用于描述健康、能力、质量等方面的衰退。
倾斜/向下延伸(地理或物理)
例句:
The road declines steeply towards the valley.(道路向山谷方向急剧倾斜。)
解析:较少用,但可描述物理上的向下倾斜。
下降/减少(数量、价值等)
例句:
The decline in sales has worried the management.(销售额的下降让管理层感到担忧。)
There has been a steady decline in unemployment rates.(失业率一直在稳步下降。)
解析:用于描述数量、价值、水平等方面的下降趋势。
衰退/衰落(经济、社会等)
例句:
The decline of the Roman Empire was a long process.(罗马帝国的衰落是一个漫长的过程。)
The decline of traditional industries has led to unemployment.(传统产业的衰落导致了失业。)
解析:用于描述经济、社会、文化等方面的衰退或衰落。
斜坡/向下倾斜(地理)
例句:
The house is built on a gentle decline.(房子建在一个缓坡上。)
解析:较少用,但可描述地理上的向下倾斜。
in decline:处于衰退中
例句:
The traditional craft industry is in decline.(传统手工业正在衰退。)
on the decline:正在下降
例句:
Smoking rates are on the decline in many countries.(许多国家的吸烟率正在下降。)
decline an offer/invitation:拒绝提议/邀请
例句:
He declined the offer to become CEO.(他拒绝了成为首席执行官的提议。)
与"decrease"的区别:
"Decline"更强调逐渐的、长期的下降,常与趋势相关;"decrease"更强调数量的减少,可指突然或暂时的变化。
例句:
The decline in birth rates is a global issue.(出生率的下降是一个全球性问题。)
The temperature decreased by 5 degrees overnight.(温度一夜之间下降了5度。)
与"refuse"的区别:
"Decline"更礼貌、正式,常用于拒绝邀请或提议;"refuse"更直接、强硬,常用于拒绝命令或要求。
例句:
I declined to comment on the matter.(我拒绝就此事发表评论。)
He refused to obey the orders.(他拒绝服从命令。)
动词:
The economy is declining rapidly.(经济正在迅速衰退。)
She declined to attend the meeting.(她拒绝参加会议。)
名词:
The decline of the company's stock price has worried investors.(公司股价的下跌让投资者感到担忧。)
The decline in physical activity is a major health concern.(体力活动的减少是一个主要的健康问题。)
"Decline"是一个多义词,其核心含义围绕“下降”“减少”“拒绝”和“衰退”。作为动词时,常用于描述数量、价值、健康或地位的下降,或礼貌地拒绝邀请;作为名词时,指下降趋势或衰退现象。理解其不同用法和搭配,有助于更准确地表达和沟通。