“scuff”有动词和名词两种词性。动词主要意思是“(使)擦伤;(使)刮坏;(使)磨损;拖着脚走;蹒跚而行”;名词意思是“擦伤处;刮痕;磨损处;拖着脚走的声音”。以下将详细说明其不同词性和用法。
(使)擦伤;(使)刮坏;(使)磨损
当“scuff”表示这个意思时,常指物体表面因摩擦而受到损伤。例如:I accidentally scuffed the wall with my suitcase.(我不小心用行李箱擦伤了墙壁。)这里描述了行李箱与墙壁摩擦,导致墙壁表面受损。
在描述鞋子时,也常用这个词,如:He had scuffed his new shoes by walking on the rough pavement.(他在粗糙的路面上行走,把新鞋磨坏了。)表明鞋子因与粗糙路面摩擦而出现损坏。
拖着脚走;蹒跚而行
用于描述人走路时脚没有正常抬起,而是在地面上拖行的动作。比如:The tired child began to scuff his feet as he walked home.(这个疲惫的孩子在回家的路上开始拖着脚走。)形象地描绘出孩子因疲惫而走路拖沓的样子。
也可以用于形容人走路不稳,如:He was so drunk that he scuffed along the street.(他喝得酩酊大醉,蹒跚着走在街上。)体现出醉酒者走路摇晃、脚步不稳的状态。
擦伤处;刮痕;磨损处
指物体表面因摩擦而留下的痕迹。例如:There were several scuffs on the table from moving furniture.(由于搬动家具,桌子上留下了几处刮痕。)说明了家具移动对桌子表面造成的损伤痕迹。
拖着脚走的声音
例如:I heard the scuff of his shoes on the floor as he approached.(当他走近时,我听到了他鞋底在地面上拖着走的声音。)这里“scuff”描述了鞋子与地面摩擦发出的声音。